trench

• n. 沟，沟渠；战壕；堑壕
• vt. 掘沟
• vi. 挖战壕；侵害
• n. (Trench)人名；(英、西)特伦奇

词态变化

中文词源

来自古法语 trenchier,去砍，劈，刨，挖，来自拉丁语 truncare,砍，切掉，词源同 truncate,tranche. 后引申词义沟，渠，特指战壕。

英文词源

trench

trench: [14] A trench is etymologically something ‘cut’ or ‘sliced’. The word was borrowed from Old French trenche ‘slice, cutting, ditch’, a derivative of trenchier ‘cut’ (from which English gets trenchant [14]). And this in turn went back to Latin truncāre ‘cut, mutilate’ (source of English truncate [15]), a derivative of truncus ‘tree-trunk, torso’ (source of English trunk) – the semantic link being the ‘cutting’ of branches from a tree or of limbs from a body.

The sense ‘ditch’ for trench comes of course from the notion of ‘cutting’ a long narrow hole in the ground (a similar inspiration underlies cutting ‘excavation for a railway, road, etc’). Trencher ‘platter’ [14] came from the Anglo-Norman derivative trenchour, and originally denoted both a board for ‘cutting’ food up on and a ‘slice’ of bread used as a plate.
=> trenchant, trencher, truncate, trunk

trench (n.)

late 14c., "track cut through a wood," later "long, narrow ditch" (late 15c.), from Old French trenche "a slice, cut, gash, slash; defensive ditch" (13c., Modern French tranche), from trenchier "to cut, carve, slice," possibly from Vulgar Latin *trincare, from Latin truncare "to cut or lop off" (see truncate). Trenches for military protection are first so called c. 1500. Trench warfare first attested 1918. Trench-coat first recorded 1916, a type of coat worn by British officers in the trenches during World War I.

双语例句

1. They recaptured their trench.

他们重新夺回了堑壕.

来自《简明英汉词典》

2. Trench a fire by pulling down houses

拆倒房屋来隔绝火势的蔓延

来自辞典例句

3. Almost with fascination , Hearn watched Croft working on his trench knife.

侯恩冷眼瞧着克洛夫特磨刀,一时简直瞧得出了神.

来自辞典例句

4. The soldiers raked the trench with machine - gun fire.

战士们用机关枪向战壕内扫射.

来自辞典例句

5. The soldiers recaptured their trench.

兵士夺回了战壕.

来自辞典例句