sanction
英['sæŋ(k)ʃ(ə)n]
美['sæŋkʃən]
- n. 制裁，处罚；认可；支持
- vt. 制裁，处罚；批准；鼓励
词态变化
复数: sanctions;第三人称单数: sanctions;过去式: sanctioned;过去分词: sanctioned;现在分词: sanctioning;
助记提示
1. The root / stem sanct- has meaning of 'ordaining of something as sacred or inviolable', hence more broadly a 'decree, sanction'.
2. => 依法...(prescribe by law) => 宣布针对某种行为的法律。=> 因此如果某种行为是合法的，就会得到支持、鼓励、批准、认可(常与with，without连用)，不可数名词；如果某种行为是违法的，那么就会被制裁、处罚(常与against，on连用)，可数名词，常用复数。
中文词源
sanction 批准，认可，制裁，处罚
sanct-,神圣的，-ion,名词后缀。即神圣的存在，封神，祝圣，引申正面词义批准，反面词义 处罚。
英文词源
- sanction (n.)
- early 15c., "confirmation or enactment of a law," from Latin sanctionem (nominative sanctio) "act of decreeing or ordaining," also "decree, ordinance," noun of action from past participle stem of sancire "to decree, confirm, ratify, make sacred" (see saint (n.)). Originally especially of ecclesiastical decrees.
- sanction (v.)
- 1778, "confirm by sanction, make valid or binding;" 1797 as "to permit authoritatively;" from sanction (n.). Seemingly contradictory meaning "impose a penalty on" is from 1956 but is rooted in an old legalistic sense of the noun. Related: Sanctioned; sanctioning.
双语例句
- 1. The Security Council will consider taking future actions against sanction-busters.
- 安理会将考虑未来采取措施打击破坏制裁的人。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. As an ultimate sanction, they can sell their shares.
- 作为最高的处罚，他们可以出售他们的股份。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. He seemed to be preparing to sanction an increase in public borrowing.
- 他似乎正准备批准增加公共贷款。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. The king could not enact laws without the sanction of Parliament.
- 未经议会批准，国王不能制定法律。
来自柯林斯例句
- 5. Prison is the best sanction against a crime like this.
- 为遏止这类罪行,监禁手段是上策.
来自《简明英汉词典》