pool

• n. 联营；撞球；水塘；共同资金
• vi. 联营，合伙经营
• vt. 合伙经营
• n. (Pool)人名；(英、西)普尔；(芬、德)波尔

词态变化

中文词源

来自古英语pol,水塘，来自West-Germanic*pol,水塘，来自PIE*bale,沼泽，可能来自PIE*beu,鼓起，膨胀，词源同ball,pock.

来自法语poule,打赌，下注，原义为母鸡，词源同pullet.来自一种中世纪的斗鸡游戏jeu de la poule,斗鸡之乐，jeu,快乐，词源同joy.非两只鸡打架，而是先把一只母鸡赶得到处乱跑，然 后参赛者往这只母鸡身上扔东西，扔中者获胜。用于指打台球游戏，下注赌钱或者输者付钱， 后代指台球游戏，并由共同财金引申词义聚拢，共用，公用等，如carpool.

英文词源

pool

pool: Pool of water [OE] and pool ‘collective amount’ [17] are distinct words in English. The former comes from a prehistoric West Germanic *pōl-, source also of German pfuhl and Dutch poel. The latter was borrowed from French poule ‘hen’, a descendant of Latin pullus ‘young chicken’ (source also of English pony, poultry, and pullet).

There was a French game called jeu de la poule, the ‘hen game’, involving throwing things at a hen – which you won as a prize if you hit it. Hence poule came to be used figuratively for ‘target’, and also for ‘that which is at stake in a game’ – source of the original meaning of English pool, ‘stake’. This evolved via ‘stake made up of players’ contributions’ to ‘collective amount’ and ‘collective resource’. Pool the snooker-like game is the same word; the game was originally played for a collective stake.
=> foal, pony, poultry, pullet

pool (n.1)

"small body of water," Old English pol "small body of water; deep, still place in a river," from West Germanic *pol- (cognates: Old Frisian and Middle Low German pol, Dutch poel, Old High German pfuol, German Pfuhl). As a short form of swimming pool it is recorded from 1901. Pool party is from 1965.

pool (n.2)

game similar to billiards, 1848, originally (1690s) a card game played for collective stakes (a "pool"), from French poule "stakes, booty, plunder," literally "hen," from Old French poille "hen, young fowl" (see foal (n.)).

Perhaps the original notion is from jeu de la poule, supposedly a game in which people threw things at a chicken and the player who hit it, won it, which speaks volumes about life in the Middle Ages. The notion behind the word, then, is "playing for money." The connection of "hen" and "stakes" is also present in Spanish polla and Walloon paie.

Meaning "collective stakes" in betting first recorded 1869; sense of "common reservoir of resources" is from 1917. Meaning "group of persons who share duties or skills" is from 1928. From 1933 as short for football pool in wagering. Pool shark is from 1898. The phrase dirty pool "underhanded or unsportsmanlike conduct," especially in politics (1951), seems to belong here now, but the phrase dirty pool of politics, with an image of pool (n.1) is recorded from 1871 and was in use early 20c.

pool (v.1)

"to make a common interest, put things into a pool," 1871, from pool (n.2). Related: Pooled; pooling.

pool (v.2)

of liquid, "to form a pool or pools," 1620s, from pool (n.1).

双语例句

1. She was standing by a pool, about to dive in.

她站在水池旁边，正要往里跳。

来自柯林斯例句

2. He drank thirstily from the pool under the rock.

他饥渴地喝着岩石下水潭中的水。

来自柯林斯例句

3. He remembered mowing the lawn, lounging around the swimming pool.

他还记得修剪草坪、在泳池边闲荡的情景。

来自柯林斯例句

4. People are still hanging out drinking beer, maybe shooting some pool.

人们仍聚在那里喝啤酒，可能还会打会儿台球。

来自柯林斯例句

5. She was found lying in a pool of blood.

她被发现躺在一片血泊中。

来自柯林斯例句