Saxon

• n. 撒克逊人
• adj. 撒克逊人的

词态变化

中文词源

来自 Saxon,撒克逊人，来自 Proto-Germanic*Sahsa,石头，石制刀具，刀，来自 PIE*sek,砍， 切，词源同 saw,segment.词义演变比较 Frank,法兰克人，原义为标枪。

英文词源

Saxon (n.)

c. 1200, from Late Latin Saxonem (nominative Saxo; also source of French Saxon, Spanish Sajon, Italian Sassone), usually found in plural Saxones, from a Germanic source (Old English Seaxe, Old High German Sahsun, German Sachse "Saxon"), with a possible literal sense of "swordsmen" (compare Old English seax, Old Frisian, Old Norse sax "knife, short sword, dagger," Old High German Saxnot, name of a war-god), from Proto-Germanic *sahsam "knife," from PIE *sek- "to cut" (see section (n.)).

The word figures in the well-known story, related by Geoffrey of Monmouth, who got it from Nennius, of the treacherous slaughter by the Anglo-Saxons of their British hosts:

Accordingly they all met at the time and place appointed, and began to treat of peace; and when a fit opportunity offered for executing his villany, Hengist cried out, "Nemet oure Saxas," and the same instant seized Vortigern, and held him by his cloak. The Saxons, upon the signal given, drew their daggers, and falling upon the princes, who little suspected any such design, assassinated them to the number of four hundred and sixty barons and consuls ....

The OED editors helpfully point out that the correct Old English (with an uninflected plural) would be nimað eowre seax. For other Germanic national names that may have derived from characteristic tribal weapons, see Frank, Lombard. As an adjective from 1560s. Still in 20c. used by Celtic speakers to mean "an Englishman" (Welsh Sais, plural Seison "an Englishman;" Seisoneg "English").

In reference to the modern German state of Saxony (German Sachsen, French Saxe) it is attested from 1630s. Saxon is the source of the -sex in Essex, Sussex, etc. (compare Middlesex, from Old English Middel-Seaxe "Middle Saxons"). Bede distinguished the Anglo-Saxons, who conquered much of southern Britain, from the Ealdesaxe "Old Saxons," who stayed in Germany.

双语例句

1. These Severn Valley woods have been exploited for timber since Saxon times.

从撒克逊时代起就开始采伐塞文山谷的这些树林获取木料。

来自柯林斯例句

2. Ex-cavations have revealed Roman and Anglo-Saxon remains in the area.

挖掘工作已显示在该地区有罗马和盎格鲁-撒克逊时代的遗迹。

来自柯林斯例句

3. Debilly had no Anglo-Saxon shyness about discussing money.

在谈到钱时，德比利毫无英国式的羞涩。

来自柯林斯例句

4. Aisles were added to the original Saxon building in the Norman period.

在诺曼时期,原来的萨克森风格的建筑物都增添了走廊.

来自《简明英汉词典》

5. Anglo - Saxon is the forerunner of modern English.

盎 格鲁撒 克逊语是现代英语的先驱.

来自《简明英汉词典》